Erlang客户机 - 服务器错误

Question

我正在阅读“编程Erlang”一书，并且有关运行客户机/服务器连接的示例。下面的代码建议在两个单独的erlang控制台窗口中运行以下命令，从中我得到以下错误。

2> socket_examples:nano_client_eval("list_to_tuple([2+3*4,10+20])"). 
** exception error: no match of right hand side value {error,econnrefused} 
    in function socket_examples:nano_client_eval/1 (socket_examples.erl, line 28) 

服务器端的指令： socket_examples:start_nano_server().

为客户端的指令： socket_examples:nano_client_eval("list_to_tuple([2+3*4,10+20])").

我没有我的防火墙上，但不应该因为一个问题它不在线。

%% --- 
%% Excerpted from "Programming Erlang", 
%%--- 
-module(socket_examples). 
-compile(export_all). 
-import(lists, [reverse/1]). 


nano_get_url() -> 
    nano_get_url("www.google.com"). 

nano_get_url(Host) -> 
    {ok,Socket} = gen_tcp:connect(Host,80,[binary, {packet, 0}]), %% (1) 
    ok = gen_tcp:send(Socket, "GET/HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"), %% (2) 
    receive_data(Socket, []). 

receive_data(Socket, SoFar) -> 
    receive 
    {tcp,Socket,Bin} -> %% (3) 
     receive_data(Socket, [Bin|SoFar]); 
    {tcp_closed,Socket} -> %% (4) 
     list_to_binary(reverse(SoFar)) %% (5) 
    end. 



nano_client_eval(Str) -> 
    {ok, Socket} = 
    gen_tcp:connect("localhost", 2345, 
      [binary, {packet, 4}]), 
    ok = gen_tcp:send(Socket, term_to_binary(Str)), 
    receive 
    {tcp,Socket,Bin} -> 
     io:format("Client received binary = ~p~n",[Bin]), 
     Val = binary_to_term(Bin), 
     io:format("Client result = ~p~n",[Val]), 
     gen_tcp:close(Socket) 
    end. 



start_nano_server() -> 
    {ok, Listen} = gen_tcp:listen(2345, [binary, {packet, 4}, %% (6) 
        {reuseaddr, true}, 
        {active, true}]), 
    {ok, Socket} = gen_tcp:accept(Listen), %% (7) 
    gen_tcp:close(Listen), %% (8) 
    loop(Socket). 

loop(Socket) -> 
    receive 
    {tcp, Socket, Bin} -> 
     io:format("Server received binary = ~p~n",[Bin]), 
     Str = binary_to_term(Bin), %% (9) 
     io:format("Server (unpacked) ~p~n",[Str]), 
     Reply = lib_misc:string2value(Str), %% (10) 
     io:format("Server replying = ~p~n",[Reply]), 
     gen_tcp:send(Socket, term_to_binary(Reply)), %% (11) 
     loop(Socket); 
    {tcp_closed, Socket} -> 
     io:format("Server socket closed~n") 
    end. 



error_test() -> 
    spawn(fun() -> error_test_server() end), 
    lib_misc:sleep(2000), 
    {ok,Socket} = gen_tcp:connect("localhost",4321,[binary, {packet, 2}]), 
    io:format("connected to:~p~n",[Socket]), 
    gen_tcp:send(Socket, <<"123">>), 
    receive 
    Any -> 
     io:format("Any=~p~n",[Any]) 
    end. 

error_test_server() -> 
    {ok, Listen} = gen_tcp:listen(4321, [binary,{packet,2}]), 
    {ok, Socket} = gen_tcp:accept(Listen), 
    error_test_server_loop(Socket). 

error_test_server_loop(Socket) -> 
    receive 
    {tcp, Socket, Data} -> 
     io:format("received:~p~n",[Data]), 
     atom_to_list(Data), 
     error_test_server_loop(Socket) 
    end. 

Answer 1

您收到的消息（{error，econnrefused}）表明服务器已关闭。

正如Muzaaya所说，{数据包，N}在系统中应该是一致的。如果不是，服务器将在binary_to_term转换和崩溃失败（我没有深入，但我想这是链接到信息传输的方式）。

接下来的请求会得到连接被拒绝的消息。

随着Muzaaya建议的更改服务器能够执行binary_to_term，并且一切工作，直到调用b_misc：string2value ...这不包括在帖子中。

我注意到一些奇怪，则：

• 我用产卵推出的服务器（socket_examples，start_nano_server，[]）。
• 服务器在调用未定义模块时崩溃 - >正常行为。
• 但后来shell挂起，我不能输入任何新的命令。

我不明白是怎么回事。

编辑：

感谢Muzaaya，我忘了看一下客户端代码......

我张贴在这里的代码修改，除了包的定义，我做了一些改变服务器和客户端。我必须说，我没有深入研究文档，但似乎在原始代码中有打开，关闭和接受的麻烦。我不确定这里的代码是否正确，并且我知道它没有正确关闭套接字，并且最重要的是，此代码不能并行处理多个请求。

-module(socket_examples). 
-compile(export_all). 
-import(lists, [reverse/1]). 


nano_get_url() -> 
    nano_get_url("www.google.com"). 

nano_get_url(Host) -> 
    {ok,Socket} = gen_tcp:connect(Host,80,[binary, {packet, 0}]), %% (1) 
    ok = gen_tcp:send(Socket, "GET/HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"), %% (2) 
    receive_data(Socket, []). 

receive_data(Socket, SoFar) -> 
    receive 
    {tcp,Socket,Bin} -> %% (3) 
     receive_data(Socket, [Bin|SoFar]); 
    {tcp_closed,Socket} -> %% (4) 
     list_to_binary(reverse(SoFar)) %% (5) 
    end. 



nano_client_eval(Str) -> 
    {ok, Socket} = 
    gen_tcp:connect("localhost", 2345, 
      [binary, {packet, 0}]), 
    ok = gen_tcp:send(Socket, term_to_binary(Str)), 
    R = receive 
     {tcp,Socket,Bin} -> 
      io:format("Client received binary = ~p~n",[Bin]), 
      Val = binary_to_term(Bin), 
      io:format("Client result = ~p~n",[Val]), 
      {ok,Val} 
     after 5000 -> 
      io:format("nano_client_eval got not answer to ~p~n",[Str]), 
      {error,timeout} 
    end, 
% gen_tcp:close(Socket), 
    R. 



start_nano_server() -> 
    {ok, Listen} = gen_tcp:listen(2345, [binary, {packet, 0}, %% (6) 
        {reuseaddr, true}, 
        {active, true}]), 
% {ok, Socket} = gen_tcp:accept(Listen), %% (7) 
% gen_tcp:close(Listen), %% (8) 
% loop(Socket). 
    loop(Listen). 

% loop(Socket) -> 
loop(Listen) -> 
    {ok, Socket} = gen_tcp:accept(Listen), 
    receive 
    {tcp, Socket, Bin} -> 
     io:format("Server received binary = ~p~n",[Bin]), 
     Str = binary_to_term(Bin), %% (9) 
     io:format("Server (unpacked) ~p~n",[Str]), 
%  Reply = lib_misc:string2value(Str), %% (10) 
     Reply = string:to_upper(Str), %% (10) 
     io:format("Server replying = ~p~n",[Reply]), 
     gen_tcp:send(Socket, term_to_binary(Reply)), %% (11) 
%  loop(Socket); 
     loop(Listen); 
    {tcp_closed, Socket} -> 
     io:format("Server socket closed~n") 
    end. 



error_test() -> 
    spawn(fun() -> error_test_server() end), 
    lib_misc:sleep(2000), 
    {ok,Socket} = gen_tcp:connect("localhost",4321,[binary, {packet, 0}]), 
    io:format("connected to:~p~n",[Socket]), 
    gen_tcp:send(Socket, <<"123">>), 
    receive 
    Any -> 
     io:format("Any=~p~n",[Any]) 
    end. 

error_test_server() -> 
    {ok, Listen} = gen_tcp:listen(4321, [binary,{packet,0}]), 
    {ok, Socket} = gen_tcp:accept(Listen), 
    error_test_server_loop(Socket). 

error_test_server_loop(Socket) -> 
    receive 
    {tcp, Socket, Data} -> 
     io:format("received:~p~n",[Data]), 
     atom_to_list(Data), 
     error_test_server_loop(Socket) 
    end.