SECRET_KEY错误与环境变量

Question

我正在通过the TaskBuster Django教程工作，其目标是帮助为项目建立良好的开发设置过程。

当我运行命令 回声$ SECRET_KEY

在任何我的“开发”环境或我的“测试”环境我得到的结果相同，所以我相信我的$ ENVIROMENTS /斌/ postactivate和predeativate变量正确设置。

我base.py文件夹包含

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) 
import os 

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) 


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production 
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/deployment/checklist/ 

# Get SECRET_KEY from the virtual environment 
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured 


def get_env_variable(var_name): 
    try: 
     return os.environ[var_name] 
    except KeyError: 
     error_msg = "Set the %s environment variable" % var_name 
     raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg) 

SECRET_KEY = get_env_variable('SECRET_KEY') 

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! 

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] 


# Application definition 

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin', 
    'django.contrib.auth', 
    'django.contrib.contenttypes', 
    'django.contrib.sessions', 
    'django.contrib.messages', 
    'django.contrib.staticfiles', 
) 

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 
) 

ROOT_URLCONF = 'bapsite.urls' 

TEMPLATES = [ 
    { 
     'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 
     'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates")], 
     'APP_DIRS': True, 
     'OPTIONS': { 
      'context_processors': [ 
       'django.template.context_processors.debug', 
       'django.template.context_processors.request', 
       'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 
       'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 
      ], 
     }, 
    }, 
] 

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'bapsite.wsgi.application' 


# Database 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#databases 

DATABASES = { 
    'default': { 
     'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 
     'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), 
    } 
} 


# Internationalization 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/i18n/ 

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' 

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' 

USE_I18N = True 

USE_L10N = True 

USE_TZ = True 


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/static-files/ 

STATIC_URL = '/static/' 

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"), 
) 

然而，当我尝试运行我得到这个输出的测试。

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/devin/DjangoProjects/bap_project/bapsite/settings/base.py", line 28, in get_env_variable 
    return os.environ[var_name] 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/os.py", line 725, in __getitem__ 
    raise KeyError(key) from None 
KeyError: 'SECRET_KEY' 

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "manage.py", line 10, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 30, in run_from_argv 
    super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 378, in run_from_argv 
    parser = self.create_parser(argv[0], argv[1]) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 351, in create_parser 
    self.add_arguments(parser) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 52, in add_arguments 
    test_runner_class = get_runner(settings, self.test_runner) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/utils.py", line 144, in get_runner 
    test_runner_class = settings.TEST_RUNNER 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 48, in __getattr__ 
    self._setup(name) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 44, in _setup 
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 92, in __init__ 
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE) 
    File "/home/devin/.virtualenvs/bapsite_test/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 665, in exec_module 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed 
    File "/home/devin/DjangoProjects/bap_project/bapsite/settings/testing.py", line 2, in <module> 
    from .base import * 
    File "/home/devin/DjangoProjects/bap_project/bapsite/settings/base.py", line 33, in <module> 
    SECRET_KEY = get_env_variable('SECRET_KEY') 
    File "/home/devin/DjangoProjects/bap_project/bapsite/settings/base.py", line 31, in get_env_variable 
    raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Set the SECRET_KEY environment variable 

这使我相信，有一些问题与秘密密钥，但我“米不清楚应该怎么解决。

是os.environ [VAR_NAME]返回错误值的回报？如何看什么正在恢复，所以我可以将它指向什么，我宁愿它返回？我是正确的道路上搞清楚了这一点？

这里是我使用当前

测试文件

from selenium import webdriver 
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse 
from django.contrib.staticfiles.testing import LiveServerTestCase 


class HomeNewVisitorTest(LiveServerTestCase): 

    def setUp(self): 
     self.browser = webdriver.Firefox() 
     self.browser.implicitly_wait(3) 

    def tearDown(self): 
     self.browser.quit() 

    def get_full_url(self, namespace): 
     return self.live_server_url + reverse(namespace) 

    def test_home_title(self): 
     self.browser.get(self.get_full_url("home")) 
     self.assertIn("TaskBuster", self.browser.title) 

    def test_h1_css(self): 
     self.browser.get(self.get_full_url("home")) 
     h1 = self.browser.find_element_by_tag_name("h1") 
     self.assertEqual(h1.value_of_css_property("color"), 
         "rgba(200, 50, 255, 1)") 

Answer 1

您没有名为SECRET_KEY的环境变量。您需要在运行程序之前将其设置。

在Unix

export SECRET_KEY="password" 

在Windows

set SECRET_KEY="password" 

值得一提的是，当你关闭终端变量将消失。如果你想寻找他们，那么有办法。