topic_demo by roscpp

 参考中国大学MOOC课程《机器人操作系统入门》

第一步：建立文件夹

cd catkin_ws/src

cd ..

catkin_make

第二步：

添加文件。pylistener.py, pytalker.py等

#pylistener.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import rospy
import math
#导入mgs到pkg中
from topic_demo.msg import gps

#回调函数输入的应该是msg
def callback(gps):
    distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(gps.x, 2)+math.pow(gps.y, 2)) 
    rospy.loginfo('Listener: GPS: distance=%f, state=%s', distance, gps.state)

def listener():
    rospy.init_node('pylistener', anonymous=True)
    #Subscriber函数第一个参数是topic的名称，第二个参数是接受的数据类型 第三个参数是回调函数的名称
    rospy.Subscriber('gps_info', gps, callback)
    rospy.spin()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    listener()

然后是pytalker.py

#pytalker.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import rospy
#倒入自定义的数据类型
from topic_demo.msg import gps

def talker():
    #Publisher 函数第一个参数是话题名称，第二个参数 数据类型，现在就是我们定义的msg 最后一个是缓冲区的大小
    #queue_size: None（不建议）  #这将设置为阻塞式同步收发模式！
    #queue_size: 0（不建议）#这将设置为无限缓冲区模式，很危险！
    #queue_size: 10 or more  #一般情况下，设为10 。queue_size太大了会导致数据延迟不同步。
    pub = rospy.Publisher('gps_info', gps , queue_size=10)
    rospy.init_node('pytalker', anonymous=True)
    #更新频率是1hz
    rate = rospy.Rate(1) 
    x=1.0
    y=2.0
    state='working'
    while not rospy.is_shutdown():
        #计算距离
        rospy.loginfo('Talker: GPS: x=%f ,y= %f',x,y)
        pub.publish(gps(state,x,y))
        x=1.03*x
        y=1.01*y
        rate.sleep()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    talker()
 

把这两个文件放在scripts文件夹里

在src文件夹下面，建立CMakeLists文件夹（虽然py文件是脚本文件，可以直接运行，但是要生成topic_demo.msg还是需要添加依赖项与包等。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.3)
project(topic_demo)

## Compile as C++11, supported in ROS Kinetic and newer
# add_compile_options(-std=c++11)

## Find catkin macros and libraries
## if COMPONENTS list like find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS xyz)
## is used, also find other catkin packages
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
  message_generation
  roscpp
  rospy
  std_msgs
)



## Generate messages in the 'msg' folder
 add_message_files(
   FILES
   gps.msg
#   Message2.msg
 )



## Generate added messages and services with any dependencies listed here
 generate_messages(
  DEPENDENCIES
  std_msgs
)

###################################
## catkin specific configuration ##
###################################
## The catkin_package macro generates cmake config files for your package
## Declare things to be passed to dependent projects
## INCLUDE_DIRS: uncomment this if you package contains header files
## LIBRARIES: libraries you create in this project that dependent projects also need
## CATKIN_DEPENDS: catkin_packages dependent projects also need
## DEPENDS: system dependencies of this project that dependent projects also need
catkin_package(
#  INCLUDE_DIRS include
#  LIBRARIES publish_subscribe_demo
  CATKIN_DEPENDS  roscpp rospy std_msgs message_runtime
#  DEPENDS system_lib
)

###########
## Build ##
###########

## Specify additional locations of header files
## Your package locations should be listed before other locations
include_directories(
  include
  ${catkin_INCLUDE_DIRS}
)

添加package.xml文件，添加模板即可。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package>
  <name>topic_demo</name>
  <version>0.0.0</version>
  <description>The publish_subscribe_demo package</description>

  <!-- One maintainer tag required, multiple allowed, one person per tag -->
  <!-- Example:  -->
  <!-- <maintainer email="[email protected]">Jane Doe</maintainer> -->
  <maintainer email="[email protected]">davidhan</maintainer>


  <!-- One license tag required, multiple allowed, one license per tag -->
  <!-- Commonly used license strings: -->
  <!--   BSD, MIT, Boost Software License, GPLv2, GPLv3, LGPLv2.1, LGPLv3 -->
  <license>BSD</license>


  <!-- Url tags are optional, but multiple are allowed, one per tag -->
  <!-- Optional attribute type can be: website, bugtracker, or repository -->
  <!-- Example: -->
  <!-- <url type="website">http://wiki.ros.org/publish_subscribe_demo</url> -->


  <!-- Author tags are optional, multiple are allowed, one per tag -->
  <!-- Authors do not have to be maintainers, but could be -->
  <!-- Example: -->
  <!-- <author email="[email protected]">Jane Doe</author> -->


  <!-- The *_depend tags are used to specify dependencies -->
  <!-- Dependencies can be catkin packages or system dependencies -->
  <!-- Examples: -->
  <!-- Use build_depend for packages you need at compile time: -->
  <!--   <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend> -->
  <!-- Use buildtool_depend for build tool packages: -->
  <!--   <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend> -->
  <!-- Use run_depend for packages you need at runtime: -->
  <!--   <run_depend>message_runtime</run_depend> -->
  <!-- Use test_depend for packages you need only for testing: -->
  <!--   <test_depend>gtest</test_depend> -->
  <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>
  <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
  <build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
  <build_depend>rospy</build_depend>
  <build_depend>std_msgs</build_depend>
  <run_depend>roscpp</run_depend>
  <run_depend>rospy</run_depend>
  <run_depend>std_msgs</run_depend>
  <run_depend>message_runtime</run_depend>


  <!-- The export tag contains other, unspecified, tags -->
  <export>
    <!-- Other tools can request additional information be placed here -->

  </export>
</package>

最后，catkin_make

并且rosrun topic_demo listener.py

另开一个终端：rosrun topic_demo talker.py